Mesitylene, also known as 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene, is an aromatic organic compound consisting of a benzene ring carrying three methyl groups at the 1, 3, and 5 positions of the ring. It is a colorless, clear liquid at room temperature with a slightly sweet ether-like odor. In this article, we will discuss the chemical structure and properties of it as well as its major industrial uses.

Chemical Structure and Properties

It has the chemical formula C9H12 and a molecular weight of 120.19 g/mol. Its chemical structure places methyl substituents at the 1, 3, and 5 positions of the benzene ring, giving it an overall trigonal shape. This arrangement creates steric hindrance which limits the compound's reactivity compared to enzene.

The preferred isomer of it is 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene. Other isomers such as 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene are not generally encountered. Mesitylene has a boiling point of 165°C and a melting point of −30°C. It is soluble in organic solvents such as ether, benzene, and xylene, but only slightly soluble in water. It is stable under normal conditions but can ignite upon heating to form carbon dioxide and water.

Major Industrial Uses

It finds a variety of applications in industrial chemical syntheses and processes due to its simple structure and limited reactivity. Some of its most common uses are:

Lubricant Additive - Added to motor oils and greases in small quantities as a dispersant and anti-foaming agent. The steric hindrance of the methyl groups prevents thickening while improving lubrication.

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