Types of Respiratory Inhalers

There are various types of respiratory inhalers that are commonly used to treat asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The main types include:

Quick-relief inhalers: Quick-relief inhalers work very quickly to relax the airways and provide fast symptom relief during asthma attacks or flare-ups of COPD symptoms. Albuterol is the most common medication found in quick-relief inhalers. They are usually blue and intended for short-term use or on an as-needed basis.

Controller inhalers: Controller inhalers contain anti-inflammatory medications that are taken every day to control symptoms and reduce future risk of an asthma attack. Common controller inhaler medications include inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), leukotriene modifiers, long-acting beta2-agonists (LABA), and ICS/LABA combination medications. Controller inhalers are usually brown, gray, orange or purple and taken daily even when symptoms are controlled.

Rescue inhalers: While the terms “quick-relief inhaler” and “rescue inhaler” are sometimes used interchangeably, rescue inhalers specifically refer to albuterol inhalers that are used to treat acute asthma attacks. Rescue inhalers work very quickly to relax airway muscles during an attack.

Combination inhalers: These contain both an ICS and a LABA in a single inhaler to treat both airway inflammation and constriction as well as provide symptom relief. They can be used as daily controller medications or during asthma flare-ups.

Metered-dose Inhalers vs Dry Powder Inhalers

The two main types of inhalers are metered-dose inhalers (MDIs) and dry powder inhalers (DPIs). MDIs dispense medication from an aerosol canister while DPIs require patient inhalation to draw medication from a powder capsule or disk. Some key differences include:

- MDIs require a spacer device to ensure proper inhalation technique while DPIs do not. Spacers reduce medication depositing in mouth/throat instead of lungs.

- DPIs generally have no propellants so they are preferred for patients with environmental allergies or sensitivity. However, they cannot be used during a severe attack when rapid medication delivery is crucial.

- MDIs start delivering medication immediately whereas Respiratory Inhalers DPIs require patient inhalation to disperse powder medication for 1-2 seconds. This affects speed of symptom relief during an attack.

- Coordination between actuation and inhalation is important for MDIs but not DPIs where inhalation automatically triggers medication dispersion.

- MDI refills are the small aerosol canisters while DPIs use disposable disk or capsule units that are replaced entirely with each new dosage.

So in summary, MDIs deliver medication faster but require spacers and coordination. DPIs do not require spacers but have a slower onset of action. Choice depends on individual patient factors and preference.

How to Use Respiratory Inhalers Correctly

Using an inhaler properly is essential for maximizing medication delivery to the airways. Some general steps for use:

- Check expiration date and store at room temperature away from high heat/humidity.

- Remove cap or mouthpiece cover and shake well before each use if required.

- Exhale fully before use to clear lungs of old air.

- Place mouthpiece between lips or insert spacer mask properly if using MDI with spacer.

- For MDI—actuate canister during a slow, deep breath in. For DPI—breathe in swiftly and deeply through mouth.

- Hold breath for 10 seconds then exhale slowly if possible to allow medication absorption.

- Rinse mouth after use if needed to prevent side effects like thrush.

- Clean inhalers regularly per manufacturer instructions to avoid buildup blocking medication release.

Proper technique takes practice but ensures maximum treatment effectiveness. Consider an inhaler training session with your pharmacist or medical provider if needed. Don’t give up—many patients need reviews to master the process.

When to See a Doctor About Respiratory Inhalers

Seek medical guidance if:

- Symptoms are not controlled or worsening despite adherence to treatment plan. This could indicate the inhaler type or dosage needs adjusting.

- Experiencing significant side effects like shakes, anxiety or thrush from a controller inhaler. Alternatives may be better tolerated.

- Not sure correct inhaler technique is being followed—a demonstration can identify any errors impacting medication delivery.

- Running low on inhalers frequently before refill time. Additional prescriptions may be warranted to avoid gaps in treatment.

- Having asthma attacks more than 2 times per week or needing oral steroids more than once or twice per year. More aggressive therapy could reduce exacerbations.

- Recently started a new inhaler but not educated on proper use. An instruction appointment will maximize effectiveness.

Regular checkups allow medical providers to assess control, screen for side effects, review inhaler technique and adjust treatment plans as needed based on a patient’s unique situation. Partnering with them leads to better symptom management.

This detailed article has covered the different types of respiratory inhalers, their distinguishing features and technicalities, as well as provided guidance on correct usage and indicators for follow up medical input. Effective control and prevention of symptoms depends on patient knowledge and proficiency in using these essential drug delivery devices properly.

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Alice Mutum is a seasoned senior content editor at Coherent Market Insights, leveraging extensive expertise gained from her previous role as a content writer. With seven years in content development, Alice masterfully employs SEO best practices and cutting-edge digital marketing strategies to craft high-ranking, impactful content. As an editor, she meticulously ensures flawless grammar and punctuation, precise data accuracy, and perfect alignment with audience needs in every research report. Alice's dedication to excellence and her strategic approach to content make her an invaluable asset in the world of market insights.

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