As winter settles in, dropping temperatures bring more than just icy roads and frosty mornings—they also increase the risk of heart-related problems. Cold weather places extra strain on the cardiovascular system, making winter a critical time to pay attention to heart health, especially for older adults and people with existing heart conditions.
One of the primary reasons winter is risky for the heart is the body’s natural response to cold. When temperatures drop, blood vessels constrict to preserve heat. This narrowing of blood vessels raises blood pressure and forces the heart to work harder to pump blood throughout the body. For individuals with coronary artery disease, this can reduce blood flow to the heart muscle and increase the risk of angina, heart attacks, and other cardiac events.
Cold weather can also thicken the blood slightly, increasing the likelihood of clot formation. This combination—higher blood pressure, increased heart workload, and thicker blood—creates a dangerous environment for the heart. Studies have consistently shown that heart attacks and strokes are more common during winter months than in warmer seasons.
Winter lifestyles can further add to the risk. People tend to be less physically active, consume heavier comfort foods, and may gain weight during colder months. Reduced sunlight exposure can also lower vitamin D levels and negatively affect mood, increasing stress and depression—both of which are linked to poorer heart health. Additionally, respiratory infections such as the flu are more prevalent in winter and can place added stress on the heart, particularly in vulnerable individuals.
Certain winter activities can also be risky. Shoveling snow, for example, is a sudden, strenuous activity often performed in cold conditions. It can sharply increase heart rate and blood pressure, triggering heart attacks, especially in people who are not regularly active or who have underlying heart disease.
Protecting your heart during winter starts with awareness and prevention. Dressing warmly is essential—layering clothing, covering the head and hands, and keeping the chest protected help reduce heat loss and limit blood vessel constriction. Staying active indoors through light exercise or stretching can help maintain cardiovascular fitness. Eating a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins supports heart health, even when comfort foods are tempting.
It’s also important to manage existing health conditions carefully. Take medications as prescribed, monitor blood pressure regularly, and attend routine medical checkups. Getting a flu shot can reduce the risk of infection-related heart complications. If you have heart disease, avoid sudden intense exertion in cold weather and seek help with tasks like snow removal.
Finally, listen to your body. Symptoms such as chest pain, shortness of breath, dizziness, or unusual fatigue should never be ignored, especially in winter. Prompt medical attention can be life-saving.
Winter may be cold, but with the right precautions, your heart can stay strong and protected throughout the season. Awareness, preparation, and healthy habits are the best defense against cold-weather heart risks.